The Power of Healthy Foods for Cancer Patients

Author - Lina Shoman

When it comes to cancer care, most times the treatment tends to be focused on invasive procedures such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Though, there's an overlooked aspect which is just as important: nutrition. How we eat plays a huge role in how you can feel, and how we recover- including how the body might respond to cancer treatments. Eating the right foods is a game-changer to helping patients maintain their strength and support their wellbeing! 

Nutritional Needs During Cancer Treatment

While many cancer treatments are life saving, they often have a very heavy affect on the body. Treatments like chemotherapy and radiation drains the body's energy, which throws the body's natural balance completely out of whack. This is often why patients experience side effects like nausea, vomiting, appetite loss, and fatigue. 

While it's important to maintain proper nutrition in general, during treatment the body is going to need it now more than ever. Having good nutrition will support healing and strengthen the immune system, allowing the body to handle the stress of treatment much better. So, knowing which foods to prioritize in your diet and which to avoid is so crucial to having successful treatment!

Top Healthy Foods for Cancer Patients

1. Antioxidant Rich Foods

Berries, leafy greens, and cruciferous vegetables (like broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts) are packed with so many antioxidants. This helps fight against radicals, which are unstable molecules with the body that damage cells and grow cancer further. 

Broccoli Sprouts, for example, contain an important compound called sulforaphane. This compound has been shown to help stop cancer cell growth and it is essential in the body's detoxification process. You can even easily grow them at home, making it much easier to incorporate into your daily diet! (Click HERE for more information on growing broccoli sprouts).

Antioxidants are also great for reducing inflammation within the body and supports the immune system, this is especially important when undergoing harsh treatments. 

1. Lean Proteins

During cancer treatment, your body needs protein now more than ever. Proteins are composed of amino acids which are important in cell growth, repair and maintenance. It is crucial for repairing tissues and maintaining muscle mass. During many treatments, the body will break down muscle at a much faster rate, and eating lean proteins will support the body in repairing damaged tissues and creating antibodies to protect the immune system. Not getting enough proteins into your diet will make the body struggle in retaining muscle mass and healing tissues- this makes it critical for recovery. They are also much easier in digestion compared to more fat dense meals. 

1. Whole Grains

Whole grains like brown rice, oats, and quinoa are very high in fiber, which helps support digestion as well as regularity in bowel movements. Cancer treatments can sometimes slow down digestion, so incorporating whole grains into your diet can help move things along while also giving a steady source of energy at the same time!

1. Healthy Fats

While “fats” might seem unhealthy, natural and healthy fats are a rich source of energy for our bodies. Natural fats are found in some of the best foods, like avocados, nuts, and olive oil. They help reduce inflammation and make meals more satiating, helping when appetite might be low. 

1. Hydrating Foods

It is critical to stay on top of fluid intake during treatment, since many leave the body very dehydrated. It is important to drink lots of water and maintain electrolyte balance. Eating hydrating foods, like cucumbers and watermelons provide the body with strong hydration, even in the little things. 

Here is a personal statement from Caitlan Reese Killian, a metastatic cancer thriver, who shared her experience as part of the Levine Cancer Institute’s Healthy Cooking Club:

"LCI has an amazing network of support services for patients! It’s all free, and it’s open to caregivers as well. The Healthy Cooking Club is a monthly online class where Patricia, a registered dietician with oncology experience, shares healthy recipes. She teaches themes like heart-healthy foods, seasonal produce, etc. She tells you the science behind healthy foods and why they support an anti-cancer lifestyle. The online classes and recipes gave me agency to take care of my health. It’s been therapeutic for me!"

"Some of my favorite tips from her class: I switched from almond milk to Ripple pea-protein milk for more protein. Orange produce has carotenoids, a cancer-fighting chemical, so I cook sweet potatoes and carrots weekly. I continue to cook my favorite “low iron” recipe from chemo days: a mushroom, spinach, and white bean stir fry. I also add chia seeds or flax meal into whatever I’m baking for the omega 3’s. I really feel better when I eat well, so I’m all for it!"

Foods to Limit or Avoid

Not all foods are created equal and some are definitely not a friend during cancer treatment and recovery, even those that might come across as “nutritional” or “healthy”. Processed and sugary foods, for instance, can spike your blood sugar and lead to energy crashes. It is important to know that natural sugars that come from fruits and whole foods are not the same as processed sugars that might be found in sugary, processed snacks. 

Red and processed meats can increase inflammation and interfere with your body’s healing process. You’ll also want to avoid alcohol and high-fat dairy, which can have worse side effects, like fatigue and nausea. Maintaining a diet with natural, and whole foods helps the body focus on healing, recovery, and growth!

Tips for Managing Appetite and Food Sensitivities

Some of the hardest challenges for cancer patients is dealing with appetite loss and food sensitivities. So, here are a few tips and tricks to help you stay nourished:

1. Small, frequent meals: Eating in small portions throughout the day can help you manage nausea and prevent overwhelming your digestive system.

2. Bland, easy-to-digest foods: If your stomach is sensitive, opt for foods like oatmeal, applesauce, or crackers.

3. Experiment with textures and flavors: Sometimes changing the way food is prepared can make it more appealing. Try blending smoothies, mashing vegetables, or adding herbs for a flavor boost without the heaviness.

Conclusion

Good nutrition is a powerful tool during cancer treatment that is often neglected. It’s not about following a strict diet but about giving your body the support it needs to heal and recover. By prioritizing antioxidant-rich foods, lean proteins, whole grains, healthy fats, and staying hydrated, you can make a difference in your treatment journey and wellbeing!

Consulting with a nutritionist or dietician can help make this more personalized towards your specific needs for a great recovery and building strength!